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零点小说网 > 玄幻小说 > 大清疆臣。 > 正文 第六百六十二章 阮元最后的演讲

正文 第六百六十二章 阮元最后的演讲(第1页/共2页)

次日国子监中,筵席齐备,一众新科举人听闻当朝太傅阮元前来赴宴,也一早便赶到了国子监内,准备一睹阮太傅风采。京师乡试与直省不同,全国各省考生只要在京居住,便可以参加京师乡试,是以京师之地,无论中举人数,还是新科举人才学,俱在各省之上。阮元眼见鹿鸣宴盛况,清楚江南乡试绝无此等人众,心中自也满意。

京师鹿鸣宴素为朝廷要事,是以这一日潘世恩也以宰辅之名,一并前来主持大宴,见了阮元,自然少不了上前道贺一番。只是这一日陪同潘世恩前来的,尚有一位十余岁的少年,少年腰系黄带,身上补服却是团龙。阮元为官数十载,自然清楚能使用如此服饰之人,即便在宗室之中,也是屈指可数,当即勉力站起,准备向那宗室少年行礼拜过。

“阮太傅,四阿哥出宫之前,便即与我言明,四阿哥听闻太傅身体不便,这行礼之事,就免了吧。”潘世恩当即向阮元道,见阮元神色中似有陌生之感,显然并不认识面前少年,潘世恩便对二人互相介绍道:“阮太傅,这位便是皇上的四阿哥奕詝,四阿哥在皇上几位皇子之中年纪最长,是以今日皇上请四阿哥与我前来,一并主持鹿鸣筵宴之事。四阿哥,这位便是阮元阮太傅了。”

“臣见过四阿哥,臣双足疲废已久,难以成礼,请四阿哥见谅。”阮元也向奕詝作揖道,端详这位四皇子奕詝时,只觉他样貌清秀,气度亦属沉稳,只是面色略显苍白,似乎并非身强体健之人。阮元也还记得各位皇子年纪,这位四皇子奕詝出生于道光十一年,这一年才只有十六岁,而道光却已是六十五岁的老者,父子年龄相差如此悬殊,却也并不多见。

“阮太傅,您的事情我都听皇阿玛说过了,在我面前您就无需多礼了。”奕詝也向阮元回拜道:“皇阿玛之前就一直跟我说起,阮太傅学行兼备,堪为后世楷模,这次鹿鸣宴便请太傅坐主位吧。”

“这……四阿哥,这怎么使得呢?四阿哥是天潢贵胄,还是您来坐这个主位才是。”阮元也谦辞道。

“阮太傅,这您就不用客气了,皇阿玛也是这个意思。而且,皇阿玛还说,既然太傅难得入京一次,那么这次鹿鸣宴,还要劳烦太傅,向下面新科举人指点一番才是。所以只有太傅今日坐了这个主位,接下来太傅赐教之语,才是名正而言顺啊?”眼见奕詝言语谦和,道光又确有让自己指点新科举人之需,阮元便也向奕詝再次拜过,坐了主位,奕詝和潘世恩则分立阮元两旁。

一时间国子监内,百余名举人纷纷落座,乐部便即奏过宴飨之乐,奕詝率先向众举人敬酒,众举人当即还礼。奕詝也向众举人道:“各位新科举子,今日我奉父皇之命,前来主持鹿鸣筵宴,眼见各位俱是风华正茂,满腹经纶,我心甚慰。各位日后,自是朝廷之栋梁,国家之股肱,只是各位眼下尚不得入仕登科,或许对于朝廷之事,对于修身治学之行,各位如今尚有疑惑。但今日朝廷有幸,请来了阮元阮太傅,阮太傅也是丙午科举人,只不过却是六十年前的丙午科了。六十年间,阮太傅登科入仕,受两代先皇恩遇,父皇亦知阮太傅才行卓绝,故而拜任宰辅,加赐三公。我也相信,今日各位在此,若能听阮太傅一语,或许对于各位日后登科中式、为官治学,皆能有所裨益。既然如此,那么我们也请阮太傅为大家讲一讲这为官治学之道,如何?”

“学生恭请太傅赐教!”一众新科举人见奕詝请阮元发言,自然不敢违逆。当然,其中不少中举之人,论师承便是阮元数代之后的再传弟子,能亲眼见到师祖垂训,心中亦自欣喜。

“是啊,今日国子监能请到阮太傅,真是为这里增色不少啊?”潘世恩也在一旁向众举人道:“阮太傅治学之名,众所周知,大家应该也都清楚,阮太傅无论为官治学,其根本便在于‘实事求是’这四个字。只是如今治学之人日增,也有许多后学不知前辈兴学典故,竟不知这‘实事求是’竟是何种蕴意。今日能得阮太傅指教,或许各位心中的疑惑,便可以解开了。阮太傅,我也知道您一生言行之根本,便在于实事求是,那今日咱们就从这四个字开始,为大家传道解惑吧?”

“潘中堂所言,确实有道理啊。既然四阿哥和潘中堂今日盛情相邀,那我就为大家讲一讲这‘实事求是’四字,竟是何意吧。”阮元这时却也渐渐清楚,只有把自己为官、治学的根本之道悉数传授于后学,才能在后辈心中留下重振国家,再兴盛世的希望。潘世恩提到“实事求是”四字,正是一个最好的开端,便即言道:“其实潘中堂方才所言不错,在我遇到的后学之中,也确实有些人对这‘实事求是’四字颇有疑惑。是啊,如今治学之人,人人都在讲这四个字,可这四个字究竟是什么含意,口中不离‘实事求是’四字之人,其实践实行,便果然是‘实事求是’吗?或许不然。所谓实事求是,还是要从治经之法说起。”

“‘实事求是’这四个字,原本出自《汉书》,是班孟坚对河间献王治学之道的评价,这个词语并非国朝之人独创,那为何到了国朝,却突然再度兴起,以至于如今天下之人,皆言‘实事求是’呢?其实在于前朝士人,往往束书不读,讲论经典,唯凭己见,不通训诂,不能明圣贤之本意,汉儒治经之语,一概弃如敝屣,最后的结果,便是世风日下,终致不可匡救。是以国朝诸儒惩前朝衰亡之弊,凡所言及经典,俱要言而有据,上溯前贤经典之源,下启国朝新知,这便是最初的‘实事求是’。所以实事求是的根本,在于如实详解先贤之圣道,若只是满口盛言实事求是四个字,所做所为却不过是琐碎的考证,甚至一味堆砌经典,只为自炫其技,那便是舍本逐末,反而失了‘实事求是’之道了。”

“或许各位还有个疑问,所谓前贤圣道,竟是何物?所谓训诂考据,能否将前贤隐晦之道,一一重现于世呢?其实这‘实事求是’只是治学之道,治学另有其法,便是‘博学
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